Tuesday, February 9, 2016

Acids and Bases Unit Summary


Acids: taste sour and feel sticky; pH 0-6.9; turns litmus paper red
Bases: taste bitter and feel slippery; pH 8-14; turns litmus paper blue

Arrhenius Acids and Bases
acids: produce H+ ions in solution
bases: produce OH- ions in solution

Bronsted Lowery Acids and Bases
acids: produce/donate the H+ ion (proton) in the reaction
bases: accept the H+ ion (proton) in the reaction
conjugate base: produced by acids when they lose a proton
conjugate acid: produced by bases when they gain a proton


Acid Strength

  • strong acids:ions completely disassociate in an aqueous solution 
  • examples of strong acids: HClO4, HClO3, HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4
  • largest Ka value is the strongest acid 

Strength of Salt
  • Strong Acid + Strong Base = Neutral Salt
  • Strong Acid Weak  Base =  Acidic Salt
  • Weak Acid + Strong Base = Basic  Salt
  • Weak Acid Weak Base = Neutral Salt


Ion Product of Water
  • the ion produce of water is always 1.0*10^-14 at 25 degrees Celsius
  • in an acidic solution, the H+>OH-
  • in a basic solution, the H+<OH-
  • in a neutral solution H+=OH-
Solving for pH and pOH for strong acids

Solving for pH of weak acid



Links
this link helps with ICE box problems:
practice for finding pH
help with Bronsted Lowery problems
Key Terms Quizlet


2 comments:

  1. This whole post in general really helped me to clear up any slight confusions I had before taking the test. Although I did run into some slight problems I remembered most of it due to your quick summary!

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  2. This notes summary is really awesome! I love how you color coded your acids and bases rules; it was a great way to remember them!

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